Transmission



l: 145; 1943 A. W.IMOCARTER I 2,329,354

TRANSMISSION Filed Oct. 5, 1940, 5 Sheets-Shee t 1 INVENTOR ATTOI'RNEY P 3- A. w. MOCARTER 2,329,354

TRANSMISSION Filed 001;. 3, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. W. M CARTER TRANSMISSION Sept. 14, 1943.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed 001:. 3, 1940 A l/ III a mu Patented Sept. 14, 1943 1 omreo stares PAT our orrlce a f-zszassef" w. m Y

rnANsmsston v I ArthurWi.McCarten'jTbpeltaj i Applicationidctoher 3, 1mg; Serial: massagessome- (.01. v -e33 This invention relates" to speed changing entday motor transportation ofjrreight.

other difilculty with present speed change mechanism-s is that only a singlev speed isprovided'i n reverse with thexresult that the. vehi'cl'e'can back only at one. speed, and this speed is such as: to be operative under maximum load conditions. The

reverse speed istherefore, extremely slow andinei'ficient when it is desired: to hatckxthe" vehicle with a lighter load and o-verl'onger distances.

It is the purpose ot'the' present. invention to overcome these diflicultiesbyproviding a speed change transmission having a plurality of seleotive speeds for each set of speed change gearsand to provide a plurality otreverse speeds sothat the vehicle may be operatedm'ore' efliciently and in accordance with any load and road condi;

tions.

"Other objects of the invention are to provide a" speed change gearing of this character having less bearing supports for the-varions shafts with better'load distributiontherein; and to provide a multiple number of reverse and forward'speeds' so arranged that it is impossible for any two'sets of speed change gears to be engaged at the same time.

1 In accomplishing these and ot er objects or the invention, as hereinafter pointed out. I have' provided improved details of structure, thepreferred form of which is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein: Y

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectionithrough -a speed change transmission constructed 'infac cordance with the present i-nventionand showing the'gears set to drive the countershaft at one of a plurality of selective speeds.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the transmi'ssion'on the line 2'2 of 1. a

Fig. 3 isga longitudinal section through the transmission, similar to Fig. l but showing the:

transmission set to operate the countershaf t at a. different selective speed.

4 is a horizontal section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, particularly illustrating positions-oi Zthe gear shift levers.

Fig. Enia cro"so-sectionx through the transmisssionicntheilinfi iofll lgz. l Fig. 6' isz'a. CROSSFSEC'UDIIK m. the line. of a Fig.1; Y Referring more in; detail; to. the drawings :5

" l.d'esignates=.a.speedl change transmission emthe'i features of. the present; invention and; includinga case; 2: having; end walls; 3-4;

and a partitlmr ssjspaced imm-theibottoma I Closing the top-of theic'aseis aecover aztshiitzmeehanismsml and". 91.

Rotaitahly mounted. in suitable bearingsl'll' and" H in the end-want and: partition 5 is: a. driving or power shaft IL Mounted on the? driving shaft, intermediate the end wall and: partition, are; differentiallysizedgears "li -M havi cessed faces; provided cllrtch'en aging teeth t5 andqlli respectively. Formed on the shaft; in-

termed-iateithegearsgyare splines ls'l slidablyxkey-- ing a. clutchcollamz I8. having: teeth. I92 and 2t adaptedrtol' respectirvelyenmge the teeth liar- 16;

thateither-nne of; the gears may be connected in drivingrelatton with the shaft 1-12 to. operate a countenshaft 2 t at a plurality of: speeds... Thecountershaft M is rotatably mounted imsuitable bearings 2-2 2 3- in the end: wallsxfli and at: a point tmlovw the. power shaft; Splined on the; countershaft and meshing with the gears Bland {A a-re countershatt. gears 24' and 25. In" order 5 to drive'the,countershaft at. an additi'onal speed,

the-end;;-of;th et2 projects beyond the partitio-n Sand carries a gear- .25. which mesheswith a gear .21 freely'rotatable onthe countershaft-Z-t. The gear .21 has a recessed face-provided witlr interna teeth 2:8- adapted to beengag-edby the. teeth 29 on av clutch collar 3%. The clutch collar '3 fl is drizvingly connected'w-i-ththe counter-shaft by splines, 81.. Thus when theclntchcollar l8 is in neutral position between theigears -l3andl4, and the clutch collar 38 is in engagement with the gearZ'l, the-gear 26 rotates. the gear lit to drive the countershatt at-la speed' differential to the speed'gears M and 25.

,Thegears and 25 areof-a relative diameter seastorotate the countershafttat a higher speed V shafts; The rings 32 heariagainst laces or-the 4 in coaxial alignment with the bearings III, |I and 34.

The driven shaft 31v may be .of conventional design, such as that used in an ordinary truck transmission speed change gearing; and carries a plurality of speed change gears. In the illustrated instance, the driven shaft has spaced cylindrical portions 39 and 40 on whichare rotatably mounted differential sized gears 4| and 42 meshing with complementary gears 43 and 44 fixed to the countershaft by splines 45 and sothat the countershaft gears drive the gears j on the driven shaft at differential speeds. To

render the gear 4| effective to drivethe driven shaft, the driven shaft includes a splined portion 41 on which is slidably secured a clutch collar 48 having teeth 49 adapted to engage internal teeth 50 formed in the recessed faceof the gear 4|.)

Slidably fixed on the driven shaft is a gear. 5|,

having clutch teeth 52 engageable with clutch teeth 53 on the gear 42 to render the gear 42 effectivein driving the driven shaft. The gear 5| is adapted to mesh with a gear 54 splined on the countershaft to 'drive the countershaft at a lower speed than the: gears previously referred to, the gear 5I-being slidably movable'into en-' gagement with the gear 54.

The transmission is also provided with a re-, verse gear including a gear 55 fixed on the countershaft and meshing with a gear 56 fixed on a stub-shaft 51 to drive a reverse gear 58 fixed on the shaft 51 in position'to beslidably engaged by a gear 59 which is splined on the-driven shaft, whereby the driven shaft may be reversed relatively to the power or driving shaft. The countershaft also includes a lower speed gear 68 adapted to be slidably engaged by the gear 59' torotate effected by 54-5I. r

In order to provide a direct drive of the driven shaft at the speed of the power shaft. the gear 26 has internal teeth 6| adapted to be engaged 'by external teeth 62011 the clutch collar 48.

The collars I8 and 30 are shifted on their respective shifts by the gear shift mechanism 8 which includes a pair of shift bars 63 and 64 that are slidable in bearings 65 formed in the the driven shaft at a lower speed than the speeds the gear sets 43--4I, 44 -42, and

transmission casing cover 1. Fixed on the bars 63 and 64 areheads 66 and 61 having facing reoesses 68 and 69 to be selectively engaged by the ball end 19 of a gear shift lever 1|, as in conventional transmission construction; Depending from the heads 66 and 61 are arms 12 and 13 carrying yokes 14 and 15 engaged in grooves 16' 'and 11 0f the clutch collars I8v and38 respectively. The bars 63 and 64 are retainedin neutral position. to maintain the clutch collars out of engagement with the clutch teeth of the respective gears by means of spring-pressed latch balls 18 engageable in grooves 19 in the ends of the bars 63 and64. Since there are three positions for the clutch collar I8 (neutral, engagement with 'thegear I3,:and engagement with the gear I4), the bar 63 has latchengaging grooves 88 and 8| onthe. respective sides'of the groove 19 a to holdtheclutch collar in position for-engaging 2,329,354 I the clutch teeth of one or the other of the gears 1 I 3 or I4. The bar 64 also has a groove 82 to retain the teeth of the clutch collar 30 in engagement with-the teeth of the gear 21. Movement of the gear lever to select and. shift the selected gear is controlled by a plate 83, having a slot 84 therein through which the gear shift lever extends, as

clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Theslot 84 forms a transverse passageway 85 through whichthe gearshift lever is moved from engagement with one of the yoke shifting heads to the other and lateral notches 86, 81 and 88 to respectively hold I the lever in position'to be maintained when a pre- I determined position 'ofone-Yof the gears is selected as in conventionalshifting mechanisms. I I The shift mechanism 9 also includes parallel rods 89, 98 and 9|. Fixed to the shift rods 89,

98 and 9| are shifting heads 92, 93 and 94 respectively- Also fixed on the rods 98 and 9| are arms 95 and 96 carrying yokes 91 and 98 engageable 1 in grooves 99 and I of the gears 5| and '59,

respectively. The shift head 94:has an arm carrying a yoke I02. engageable in a groove ||l3-of the clutch 'collar48, previously described. The shift mechanism 9 also includes a shaft lever I84 projecting through a slot I in a plate I86, I a

the slot including parallel longitudinal passageways I81, I68 and I09 interconnected by a trans-:

verse passageway I 0 so that the'gear shaftlever is guided to move through its required positions "when selecting and shifting the desired gears.

' If desiredfa power take-off gear III may bekeyed to the countershaft for driving a power take-off mechanism (not shown).

driving shaft, the powerlmechanism may be operated at three speeds when thechange speed are in neutral position.

In using the transmission, the lowest speed is accomplished by shifting the gear 59 in en-' gagement with the gear 60 and moving the clutch collar 39 into engagement with the gear 21.

gears manipulated by the shift mechanism 9 The driving or power shaft then rotates the gear 21 and countershaft 2| through the spline connection of the clutch collar 36 to rotate the gear 59. A slightly higher speed can be efiected by shifting the clutch collar I8 into driving engagement with the gear I3,. or a still higher speed may be obtained through the gears 60 and 59 by engaging the clutch collar I8 with the gear I4. Higher speeds may .be similarly obtained by meshing the gear 5| with the gear 54 to give 1 three additional speeds with these gears. Three speeds may also be attained in a similar manner with the gears 42 and 44 and also with the gears Direct drive is effected by sliding 4| and 43. the clutch collar 48 into engagement withthe clutch teeth 6| of the gear 26 so that the driving shaft is directly coupled, to the "driven shaft. Reverse gear is accomplished bymoving the gear 59 in engagement'with the gear 58 and threere- 1 verse speed may be accomplished by engaging the clutch collar I9 with the gear I3, by engaging the clutch collar I8 with the gear I4, or by engaging the clutch collar 38 with the gear 21. a

It is thus obvious that I have provided a change speed gearing whereby a plurality of H I speeds may be accomplished througheach one of the set of gears connecting the countershaft with the driving shaft so that a speed may be efiected best suited to the load and highway conditions, and whereby the vehicle may be op- I erated at maximum efficiency.

Since the countershaft has three speeds relatively to the What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1.'A- speed change transmission including,'a

casing, a driving shaft rotatably supported in the casing, a coaxially arranged drivenshaft supported inthe casing,-a gear fixed on the driving shaft, a pair of gears rotatably supported on the driving shaft and having clutchengaging portions, a clutch member slidably keyed on the driving shaft and adapted to, selectively engage said clutch'engaging portions of the gears, a countersh'aft rotatably supported in the casing in driving relationwith the coaxially arranged shafts, gears fixed on the countershaft and meshing with the gears rotatable on the driving shaft, said gears having relative diameters to provide an overdrive and an underdrive of the countershaft relative to the driving shaft, a gear rotatably supported onthe countershaft in meshing relation with the fixed gear on the 'driving shaft and having clutch engaging portions,

- a clutch member slidably keyed on the countershaft for engaging said clutch engaging portions of'the last named gear, control means for selectively rendering said clutch members effective for providingsaid countershaft with a plurality of speed ratios, a pluralityof sets of differene tially sized gears connecting the countershaft with the driven shaft, one of said sets providing an overdrive of the drivenshaft relative to the countershaft, and a separate control means for rendering said gear sets effective for transmitting a multiple of the speed ratios of the counter- I shaft to thedriven shaft.

2 A speed change transmission including, a casing, a driving shaft rotatably supported'in the casing, a coaxially arrangeddriven shaft supported in the casing, means on the driven shaft for selectively engaging the driving shaft to establish direct driving connection with the U driving shaft, a pairv of spaced gears rotatable on the driving shaft and having clutch engagin portions, a countershaftrotatably supported in the casing, a pair of gears fixed .on the countershaft and having meshing engagement with the respective gears on the driving shaft; a clutch member having two clutch faces slidably keyed on the driving shaft, means for selectively shift- "ing said clutch member from neutral in either direction for engaging the respective gear'clutch engaging portions, agear-fixed to the driving shaft, a gear rotatably mounted on the counterengaging portions, a clutch; member slidably keyed on the countershaft, mea'nsfor shifting clutch engaging portion onthe gearfor effect- --ing rotationof the c'ountershaft, means for controlling shifting of the respective clutchshifting means to permit engagement of only one clutch and gear at'atime, each of said gears' on the respective shafts being ofdiilerent "relajtive sizes to drive the countershaftat different speed ratios, apluralityof change speed gear sets on the countershaft and driven shaft selec- 15 tively operable to connect the countershaftand driven shaft together at different speed ratios,

suitable means for effecting operation of the gearv sets-for transmitting a selective multiple, of the ably mounted on the driving shaft," a pair of gears keyed to the ,countershaft and having meshing engagement "with the respective gears on the driving shaft, a gear fixed to the driving shaft, a gear rotatable on the 'countershaft having meshing engagementwith the gear fixed to the driving shaft, said gears being adapted for selectively driving said countershaft at difierent l i 35 speed ratios, a plurality ,Ofgear sets including a reversed gear train on, the countershaft and n, i

, driven shaft for selectively transmitting different speed ratios from saidcountershaft to said driven shaft, shiftable means for effecting selec-' i a a 40 tive operation of the gear sets'on the countershaft and driven 'shaft a'nd separate shifting means for effecting selective operation of the gear sets on the drivingshaft and countershaft for effecting a drive at aselected one of aplurality of multiples of a s'p'eed'ratio includingthe reversehetween the countershaft and the driven shaft, and means operable bythe first named f shiftable means for directly connecting the drive and driven shafts independently of the position. .50 of the separate shifting means.v

ARTHUR W; McCARTER;

, ,c a a c; Q shaft having meshing engagement with thejflxed 1 gear on thedriving shaft, said gear having clutch said clutch member from neutralfor engaging the 1 3. A speed change transmissionincluding, a f 

